Ecological Democracy (Hindi) - India and Nepal Water Sharing

vxj vki isM+ksa dk foKku tkurs gSa] rks ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd fcuk dkVs isM+ Qyrk&Qwyrk ugh gSA ;s isM+ksa dks tkuus okys yksx ;k isM+ksa ds tkudkj ;g ckr cksyrs gS] eSa ugha cksyrkA ;g ckr vk/kqfud foKku ugha cksyrk] ijaijkxr yksx cksyrs gSaA nwljh ckr eSaus 'kq: esa cksy fn;k fd tks ¼VksVy vQksjLVs'ku½ gks jgk gSA mldk 4 izfr’kr dsoy fQ;wy dUte’ku gSA ¼MksesfLVd ¶;wy datEi'ku½ dsoy 4 izfr’kr gSA mldk tks iznw"k.k gS] mldk tks MSest gSA oks ,y- ih- th- ds eqdkcys dbZ xquk de gSA bl Hkze esa er jfg, dh flysaM+j ¼lClhMkbt½ D;k Ýh ckaVus ls Hkh vkidk i;kZoj.k ugh cpus okykA ;g eku ds pfy, D;ksafd tgka ls rsy fudky jgs gSaA rsy dks fjQkbaM dj jgs gSa] ,y- ih- th- dk flysaMj rS;kj dj jgs gSa] mldks nwljh txgksa ij ys tk jgs gSaA mlesa ftruk iznw"k.k gS ,d isM+ ls ydM+h ysus esa mldk dbZ xquk de iznw"k.k gSA gka eS mŸkjkapy ds ckjs esa cksy jgk gwaA nwljk vki cksy jgs gSa] vki >kj[kaM esa vk/kqfud fosdkl pkgrs gSa ;k isM+ pkgrs gSa ;g r; dfj, isM+ pkgrs gSa rks fQj ;g fjtsDV dhft,A

v:.k dqekj ikuh ckck & vki igys vk/kqfud fodkl jhtsDV dhft,A vki dfg, ljdkj ls fd rqEgkjh ljdkj ugha pkfg,A

Hkqou ikBd & vkidks vxj vk/kqfud fodkl] tks Hkh vkids fnekx esa vk/kqfud fodkl dh dYiuk gS] esjs tSlk gh vxj og gS rks vkidks pkfg, fd vk/kqfud fodkl dks [kkfjt djsa ¼fjtsDV Vw eksMuZ MsoyiesaV½ oks ¼dkUlsIV½ vki vaxzsth esa cksy nhft,xk vkSj fQj mlds ckn isM+ksa ds ckjs esa fparu vkSj mlds fodYi dh ckr dh tk ldrh gS mik?;kthA

turk % fQj gesa vkfnoklh cuuk iM+sxk\

Hkqou ikBd & ugha vkfnoklh cuus dh ckr ugha gSA ;gh [krjk gSA

v:.k dqekj ikuhckck & ogh vk/kqfudrk ekurh gSA vkidh utj esa flQZ ,d vk/kqfudrk gS fQj loky djus dh t:jr ugha jg tkrh gSA tks’khth eq>ls fefy, eSaus dPN dk v/;;u fd;k gSA ¶ysfeax vkSj vki esa dkSu lk fj'rk gS\

Hkwou ikBd & eS cgqr gh vk/kqfud vkneh gwaA eS [kqn dks cgqr vk/kqfud ekurk gwaA

Hkqou ikBd & ;g ckj&ckj fodYi dks cnyus dh ckr tc vkrh rks vkfnoklh ghsus dk eryc ugh gSA gels csgrj rks oks vkfnoklh gS tks vius ;gka O;olk; ds :i ls U;k;iw.kZ vkpj.k dj jgs gSaA eS pkgwaxk fd eS vkfnoklh gks tkÅaA

v:.k dqekj ikuhckck & vkfnoklh gksuk vius vki es dksbZ xkyh FkksM+s gh gSA ;g dksbZ xkyh ugha gks ldrhA

jktsUnz /klekuk & ;s blfy, dgh fd ;g dkxt isM+ ls curk gSA esjs [;ky ls blfy, dgh mUgksasus fd isM+ks dk uqdlku gS dkxt bUMLVªht lsA bafM;k gkse :y dh mUgksaus ckr vkids lkeus j[k nhA lc dqN j[k nhA eq>s cgqr laf{kIr esa vkils dguk gS fd isM+ vkneh ls igys iSnk gqvkA vkSj vkneh ls igys tks phts iSnk gqbZ oks vkneh ds fy, cgqr t:jh gSaA igys ikuh vk;k] rc ouLifr vk;h] tc ouLifr vk;k rc tks lkxj dk tks tUrq Fkk og tehu ij pyus yk;d cukA gekjk nwljk vorkj (incarnation) it is Kachhak (dNqvk) tks ikuh esa Hkh pyk tk, vkSj tehu ij Hkh jgsA ;g ouLifr dh ckr gS vkSj /khjs&/khjs tc ouLifr vk;h rks fQj isM+ vk;sA tc isM+ vk;s rks fQj gekjk rhljk vorkj tks vk;kA rhljk vorkj vk/kk vkneh vkSj vk/kk tkuoj] ujflagA rc ls vkneh iwjk gqvk mlls igys isM+ vk pqds FksA

isM+ ds cxSj gekjk ¼,fXtLVsa'k½ [krjs esa iM+ tk,xk mldh iapk;r 'kq: gqbZA bu isM+ksa dh dgka ls iapk;r gksrh\ isM+ rks cksyuk gh ugh tkurs] oks viuh iapk;r dSls djsaxs] ge dj jgs gSa mudh iapk;r vkSj ge blfy, dj jgsa gSa fd] geus fdlh vkSj dh iapk;r ugh dh dHkh vkSj fdlh dh ugh dh] isM+ dh iapk;r ge blfy, dj jgs gSa fd isM+ gekjs dke dk gSA ;s dbZ rjg ls enn djrk gS gekjhA vkSj oks enn bruh rjg ls djrk gS tSls xkao esa tks isM+ gSa oks gesa pkjk nsrk gS] ges QwM+ nsrk gS] ÝwV nsrk gS] oSftVsoy nsrk gS] QuhZpj nsrk gSA ;s lc fiNyh ckrs gSaaA vkSj tc ckn esa vxzsat gekjs ;gka vk;s 1815 esa vaxzst vk, vkSj mUgksaus teZuh] Ýkal lesr dbZ ns'kksa ls fo'ks"kK yk,A blds nLrkost nsgjknwu ou 'kks/k laLFkku esa gSaA teZuh ls vkus okyksa esa dqN tkuojksa ds MkDVj FksA mudks isM+ dk irk ugh iM+k fd isM+ D;k dke vk ldrs gSaA mUgksaus ns[kk fd dkSu isM+ tkuoj ds dke vk ldrk gSA nokbZ ds fy,] mldk isV Hkjus ds fy,] rks mUgksaus og fjiksZV nhA mudks yxHkx ipkl lky yxs fd isM+ fdlh dke vk ldrk gS vkSj ;g tc mudks ;g irk yxk fd dke vk ldrk gSA mUgsa irk yxk fd os jktLo dek ldrs gSa rks mUgksaus eSnku ds dkuwu ogka Hkh ykxw dj fn,A ;gka Hkh ykxw gksuk pkfg,] ;gka Hkh ykxw gksuk pkfg, vkSj /khjs&/khjs tks isM+ igys gekjs xkao okyksa ds gkFk esa Fkk ftudk lc dqN fdlh jktk ds gkFk esa ugh FkkA isM+ dk dksbZ jktk&oktk dHkh mldks lEifr ugh ekurk FkkA flQZ ,d foYlu vk;k Fkk tks vkehZ ls Hkkx dj x;k FkkA vkehZ dk HkxksM+k FkkA mlus isM+ cspus 'kq: fd;s Fks o mlus lekarj jkT; cuk Mkyk gekjs ftys esaA og jktk ls Hkh cM+k jktk gks x;kA fVgjh jktk ls Hkh cM+k fdax cu x;k Fkk og isM+ cspus ds ckn rc irk yxk fd isM+ ls cgqr dek;k tk ldrk gSA tSls gh ;g irk yxk fd isM+ ls dekbZ gks ldrh gS] rc ls vkneh ds tks isM+ ds lkFk fj'rs Fks] oks dkVus 'kq: dj fn;sA rc mUgksaus dgk fd ;s Hkh ugh dj ldrs] ;s Hkh ugh dj ldrs] ge djsaxsA ;g gekjs vaMj es jgsxkA lkjs fu;e cus] ikuh vkSj isM+ ds Åij jkT; lŸkk dk yxkrkj geyk blfy, gks jgk gS fd mlls mldks O;kikj ;k jktLo dh mEehnsa c< jgh gSa vkSj og vkxs Hkh c<rk jgsxkA ;s mldh =klnh Fkh gekjh vkSj /khjs&/khjs gekjs ;gka tks ou iapk;r FkhA iapk;rs tks gSa ouksa dks ns[krh FkhA muds Åij lkjk iapk;r ns[krh Fkh oks lkjh phtsa [kRe gks x;h vkSj vc ou iapk;rksa dk u;h LVsV tc ls cuh gSA gekjh muds jkbVl Hkh LVsV us ys fy, gSaA gekjs ;gka ftrus dM+s dkuwu gSa oSls ns'k esa dgha ugha gSaA ,d ehVj lkS ehVj ;k gtkj ehVj dh Å¡pkbZ ds ckn vki ljdkj dh vuqefr xkao dk o`{k Hkh ugha dkV ldrkA vuqefr ysus esa nks lky yxrs gSaA vc rks de yxsaxs] jkT; ljdkj gSA vkneh dk tks nksLr Fkk isM+] mlds chp esa tks njkjsa iSnk gqbZ vkSj chp es ljdkj vk x;hA ;s flQZ vius LokFkZ ls vk;h gSA ;s nksLrh tks mUgksaus [kRe dh gSA ljdkj ds vki vkadM+s ns[k fyft,A ljdkj us tc ls dkuwu cukus 'kq: fd, gSaA bu isM+ksa ls ftruk jktLo feyk og lkjk ckgj x;k] baXySaaM x;kA muds vQljksa dks tkudkjh fNikus dh Vªsfuax FkhA pqipki jktLo Hkstk x;k fczVsuA fNikuk pksjh gSA tc gekjh ljdkj vk;h rks mlus og taxy ykSVk, D;ksa ughA tc gekjh ljdkj cuh] vktknh feyh rks tks phtsa turk ls Nhuh x;h Fkh] vaxzstksa us Nhuh Fkh oks rks blfy, Nhuh Fkh fd ywV djuh FkhA mlds ihNs ywV dk fopkj FkkA tc vktknh feyh rks ywV dk fopkj tkjh dSls jgk\ vktknh dSls feyh fQj\ vki bldks vktknh dSls dgrs gSa\ gekjs ;gka isM+ksa esa ,d gh isM+ vkidks dbZ phtsa ns nsrk gSA ,d gh isM+ vkidks lCth nsxkA ,d gh isM+ vkidks Qy nsxk ogh isM+ vkidks pkjk Hkh ns nsxk] ogh isM+ bZa/ku Hkh ns nsxkA D;ksafd oks QksjsLV dk isM+ ugh gS blfy, vki dkV ldrs gSa mldks gekjk dkVus dk eryc isM+ksa dks uhps ls ugh dkVrs] ruk ugh dkVrs 'kk[kk,a dkVrs gSaA tks fd fQj vkSj cM+h gks tkrh gSaA chp dh 'kk[kk dks ugh dkVrsA tc vkneh bldk O;oLFkk djrk Fkk rks ;g ns[krk Fkk fd esjk isM+ u"V uk gks tk,A mldks eS bLrseky Hkh djrk jgwa dkVrk Hkh jgwa vkSj og c<+rk Hkh jgsA vkSj ljdkj tks dkVrh gS] tks Bsds nsrh gS ;s rks tM+ ls dkVrh gS] [kRe dj nsrh gS mudksA gekjs ,sls&,sls isM+ gSa fd nsf[k;s ,d gh isM+] ,d isM+ dk uke gS pq;qjkA ,d xkao esa bldk vxj ,d isM+ gks rks ml xkao dks lky Hkj rd ?kh vkSj rsy [kjhnus dh t#jr ugh gSA pq;qjk dk tks Qy gS mls mcky dj dfj, rks og vkidks ?kh nsxk] rsy nsxkA lkjs lky rd vki tks gS] iwjk xkao u rks ?kh [kjhnsxk ckgj ls u rsy [kjhnsxkA mldh fdruh cpr gks x;hA igkM+ esa [ksrh rks gksrh ugh u] ljlksa dk rsy cukus esa gesa fnDdr vkrh gSA eryc] fdrus fQYM~l gSa cgqr de fQYM~l gSa uA vkSj ogh ,d isM+ gesa iwjk ?kh o rsy ns nsrk gSA gekjs ;gka ,d isM+ gS ^VSDl'k cdkV* LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa ge bls ?kqysV dgrs gSaA bl isM+ dh vktdy rLdjh gksrh gSA ,d isM+ dh dher 12 yk[k #i, rd feyrh gS vesfjdk esaA

jktsUæ /kLekuk dk daVªhC;w'ku & bl isM+ ls vaMk'k; ¼vksojh½ vkSj Lru ds dSalj dh nok curh gSA gekjs ftys ls iwjk dk iwjk isM+ ys tk;k tk jgk gSA gekjs isM+ ls vesfjdk esa cuh nok ge Hkh [kjhnrs gSa] ;gka Hkkjr esaA fczfV'k dky esa gekjs dikl ls fczVsu esa diM+k curk Fkk vkSj fQj ge ;gka igurs FksA caxky ds Lons'kh vkanksyu ds ckn xka/kh th dk Lons'kh vkanksyu pykA ;g caxky ds jk"Vªoknh vkanksyu ls fHkUu FkkA ;g jktuhfrd vFkZ'kkL= FkkA bldh otg ls eSapsLVj ds fey can gks x, vkSj fczVsu ds gtkjksa yksx csdkj gks x,A yksxksa us ;gka u dsoy eSUpsLVj ds diM+s [kjhnus can dj fn, cfYd bls tyk Hkh fn,A xka/kh ds vfgalk ds vFkZ dks vkerkSj ij ftl rjg ls fy;k tkrk gS oSlk ugha gSA mudk ;g vkanksyu ,d rjg dh fgalk gh FkkA bl ckjs esa foLrkj ls vyx ckrphr gksxhA isM+ksa ds tfj, tks 'kks"k.k gks jgk gS vkSj iSlk ckgj tk jgk gS mls jksduk pkfg,A blls gekjs vFkZra= esa Hkkjh ifjorZu gks ldrk gSA pqfj;k esa dbZ ns'kksa esa isM+ksa ls iwjh vFkZO;oLFk cnyh gSA gekjs ;gka Qwyksa dk LDoS'k ugha curkA ,slh dbZ phtsa gSaA ;g lc gks ldrk gS vxj iapk;rksa dks iwjk vf/kdkj] okLro dk vf/kdkj feysA vHkh ;g flQZ dkxt ij gSA ftl fnu iapk;r dh iwjh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dke djus yxsxh ml fnu isM+ksa ds ckjs esa dbZ lkFkZd ckrsa lkeus vk tk,xhA vHkh xksfoan oYyHk iar baLVhV~;wV vkQ fgeky; MsoyiesaV ,aM ,uok;jUesaV ds oSKkfud esa lqes'k dk LDoS'k fudkyk gS tks jDrpki dks lkekU; djrk gS\ vkSj jDr'kdZjk dks Bhd djrk gSA blls foVkfeu lh dh deh Hkh nwj gks tkrh gSA vkidks Fkdku ugha vk,xhA

gekjs 67 çfr'kr esa flQZ 40 çfr'kr ij isM+ gSa ckdh [kkyh gSA bl ij m|ksx rFkk O;kikj ds fy, t:jh isM+ mxk, tk ldrs gSaA blds fy, ljdkj tehu ds vyx&vyx VqdM+s ns ldrh gSA blls taxy dks u"V djus dh t:jr ugha iM+sxhA vk/kqfudrk vkSj ijaijk dk >xM+k fQtwy gSA vk/kqfud gh vrhr curk gS vkSj ijaijk esa rCnhy gksrk gSA dqN phtsa yacs le; rd vfLrRo esa jg tkrh gSA ;s le; dh dlkSVh ij lgh mrjrh gSaA dqN phtsa rRdky ej tkrh gSa vkSj vrhr esa lek tkrh gSA ijaijk crkrh gS fd vkidk gtkjksa lky dk Kku vHkh Hkh py jgk gSA blus le; dh ijh{kk ikl dj yhA ijaijk gh cukrh gS fd ,d le; dh vk/kqfudrk dh dkSu lh ckrsa Lohdk;Z jghaA xkao esa yksd lafpr Kku dks vk/kqfud foKku ds lkFk tksM+dj pyuk pkfg,A xkao ds ckjs esa vki çkstsDV cukrs gSaA xkao ls cgqr nwj cSBdj ;s çkstsDV curs gSa vkSj bls yksxksa ij ykn fn;k tkrk gSA

gekjs lalk/ku dk ge gh ,Qk dj ldrs gSaA vki pkgrs gSa fd gekjs flj ij dqN Hkh yknsaxs vkSj ge vkidk vkKk ikyu djsaxsA vki mij ls phtsa dSls Fkksi ldrs gSa\ vki gekjs lkFk cgl dhft, vxj fodsaæhdj.k gks vkSj lgh ek;us esa iapk;rh jkt ykxww gks rks gekjh leL;k rqjar gy gks ldrh gSA yksxksa ls laidZ ugha fd;k tkrkA iSlk cukus okys yksx fu.kZ; djkrs gSa vkSj gesa bldk ikyu djuk iM+rk gSA MCyw-Vh-vks-] HkweaMyhdj.k ;k [kqys cktkj dh çfrLi/kkZ esa ge fVd ugha ik jgs gSa D;ksafd gekjs ikl VsDuksykWth vkSj vU; dbZ phtksa dh deh gSA uhps ls fu.kZ; çfØ;k gks rks dksbZ leL;k ugha jgsxhA

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