Ideologies and Democracy (Hindi)

lq/kk oxhZl & eq>s ugha yxrk fd dksbZ ubZ ckr tksM+us dh t:jr jg xbZ gSA eSa ,d vyx eqn~ns ij vkidk /;ku [khapuk pkgrk gwaA esjh jk; esa gesa eqacbZ lEesyu ds ckn Qkyksvi ds ckjs esa vHkh ls lkspuk pkfg,A gesa vHkh fcgkj esa py jgh rS;kfj;ksa ds le; Hkh bl ckr dh fQØ djuh pkfg, fd ftu eqn~nksa] lokyksa] elyu nfyr eqn~nk] dks ysdj ge eqacbZ tk;saxsA ykSVus ds ckn ge bldk Qkyksvi dSls djsaxsA vxj ge ;g ugha dj ik, rks ge ml nwljh nqfu;k ls nwj jgsaxs ftlds ckjs esa ge lksp jgs gSaA

vjfoUn flUgk & jRus'oj çlkn flag odyh gSa vkSj ih;wlh,y vkSj vU; lkekftd jktuhfrd laxBuksa ls tqMs gq, gSaA

jRus'oj çlkn & esjh jk; esa gesa fcgkj ds fy, rhu eghus dh dk;Z ;kstuk cukuh pkfg, vkSj iVuk ls ckgj ds nks&pkj 'kgjksa & Hkkxyiqj] njHkaxk] eksfrgkjh] cDlj tkdj cSBd djuh pkfg,A blls vkidks vanktk gksxk fd fdl rjg dk vkanksyu ;k laxBu fodflr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds ckn gh bl ij vkf[kjh fu.kZ; gksxk fd ge eqacbZ tkdj D;k djsaxs\

lR;ukjk;.k@enuth & /kU;oknA vky bafM;u VªsM ;wfu;u dkaxzsl ds çfrfuf/k uokc lkgc ls viuh ckr j[kus dk vuqjks/k gSA

xtuQj uokc & eSa vk;kstd dh rjQ ls çlkfjr gSaM fcy ¼ipkZ½ ij vius fopkj j[kuk pkgrk gwaA blesa dgk x;k gS fd oS'ohdj.k ds uke ij pyk, tk jgs lkezkT;okn dk fojks/k djuk gSA bldk vFkZ ;g gksrk gS fd vxj oS'ohdj.k dh ctk, nwljs uke ls pyk;k tk, rks ge mldk leFkZu djsaxsA eq>s yxrk gS fd Hkk"kk dh v'kqf) gSA bls Bhd djuk pkfg,A esjh jk; esa bls bl rjg dgk tk, lkezkT;oknh oS'ohdj.k dk fojks/k fd;k tk,A esjh jk; esa MCyw-,l-,Q- bafM;k ds <kaps dh rjg rhu Lrjh; <kapk cukuh pkfg,A fQygky pkj lewg dk xBu fuf'pr rkSj ij gksA igyk eksfcykbZts'ku ¼ykecanh½ lewg tks fcgkj ls vf/kd ls vf/kd la[;k esa eqacbZ ys tkus dk nkf;Ro ys] nwljk lapkj o ehfm;k lewg tks viuh ckrksa dks ehfM;k vkSj lapkj ek/;eksa ls vke turk ds vkSj uhps ds Lrj rd ys tk,A rhljk] foÙkh; lewg tks foÙkh; çca/ku dk dke djsA ;qok vkSj Nk= lewg ftldk eqacbZ esa Hkh ,d vyx lewg gksxkA

fcgkj dh lkekftd&jktuhfrd okLrfodrkvksa dks /;ku esa j[k dj gesa ,sls eqn~nksa dk p;u djuk pkfg, fd fcgkj dh vyx igpku cusA ftu eqn~nksa dks ge pqus mu ij vkxs ds rhu eghuksa esa fcgkj ds fofHkUu bykdksa esa dqN dk;ZØe gksA gekjh ftEesnkjh gS fd ge bl çfØ;k dks jkT; Lrj ij gh u j[ksa cfYd bls ftyk Lrj rd ys tk,aA

lR;ukjk;.k enj & eSa ;gh ckr nksgjkuk pkgrk gwa fd fcgkj dks viuh ,sfrgkfld Hkwfedk fuHkkuh pkg,A T;knk ls T;knk yksxksa dks tqVk dj ge eqacbZ igqapsa vkSj fcgkj dh ,drk vfHkO;Dr gksA

ofdZax desVh cukus esa ge jk"Vªh; Lrj ij viuk, x, ekunaMksa vkSj rjhdksa dks gh ykxw djsaxsA reke laxBuksa] ,u-th-vks-] usVodZ ds çfrfuf/k vkSj O;fDrxr :i ls yksx blesa vk,aA flQZ ;g /;ku j[ksa fd vkus okys iwjk le; nsdj fcgkj MCyw-,l-,Q- dks pyk,aA ofdZax desVh esa djhc 700 yksxksa dh la[;k gksxhA vkxsZukbftax desVh esa 20&25 dh la[;k gksxhA vkeaf=r laxBuksa ds çfrfuf/k ofdZax desVh ds lnL; LokHkkfod :i ls gksaxsA ysfdu vkxsZukbZftax desVh ds fy, laxBu ;k O;fDr vkQj djsA

vjfoan flUgk & ;g DyksTM ugha gksxk tks NwV x;k gS] dke djus okys laxBu os tqM+uk pkgsaxs rks mUgsa tksM+k tk,xkA T;knk ls T;knk yksxksa dks lesVus dk rjhdk viuk;k tk,xkA

vyh vuoj & eSaus ik;k fd dbZ yksx bl çfØ;k ls okfdQ gSa vkSj cgqr lkjs yksx blls okfdQ ugha gSaA blds lkFk&lkFk vke yksxksa dh tqcku esa ckrsa dgus dk pSysat Hkh gSA bl vkanksyu dks] rgjhd dks voke esa ys tkus ds fy, 'kCnksa] eqgkojksa vkSj ukjksa dk lgh pquko djus dh t:jr gSA buesa cgqr rkdr gksrh gSA vHkh XykscykbZts'ku 'kCn dks ns[k yhft,A dksbZ bls tkxfrdj.k vkSj dksbZ bls HkweaMyhdj.k dg jgk gSA ysfdu gSnjkckn x, Fks rks rsyxw Hkk"kk dk ,d 'kCn eq>s dkQh lVhd yxkA mUgksaus XykscykbZts'ku dks çiaphdj.k dk uke fn;k gqvk gSA bl 'kCn dks flQZ j[k nsus Hkj ls Xykscykbts'ku dk iwjk vFkZ Li"V gks tkrk gSA exgh] Hkkstiqjh ;k vafxdk] eSfFkyh cksfy;ksa esa Hkh ,sls 'kCn gesa <aw<+us pkfg,A

eqacbZ esa fcgkj dk eqn~nk D;k gks\ fcgkj dh O;Fkk gS fd fcgkj ds caVokjs ds ckn ;gka m|ksx/ka/ks ugha jgsA çiaphdj.k ds lcls cM+s fofDVe ¼ihfM+r½ gSa gekjs nLrdkj] gekjs dkjhxj] y?kq m|ehA vkt [kcj vkbZ gS fd Hkkxyiqj esa Hkw[k ls ekSrsa gks jgh gSaA dksbZ Hkh ljdkj fdlh czkaM dh ljdkj Hkw[k ls gksus okyh ekSrksa dks Hkw[k ls gqvkugha ekurha dgrh gs chekjh ls ejk gSA ysfdu gdhdr gS fd Hkw[k ls ekSrsa gks jgh gSaA gekjs jkstxkj pkSiV gks x, gSaA tks yksx dke ds fy, esjB] lwjr] eqacbZ] vgenkckn] Hkkxdj x, Fks] ogka naxs gks jgs gSaA os txgsa ty jgh gSaaA Hkkjr ljdkj dh ubZ uhfr;ksa ds dkj.k ckgj ls rS;kj eky flys flys diM+s vk jgk gSA XykscykbZts'ku vkSj cgqjk"Vªh; daifu;ksa ds dkj.k cM+h&cM+h feysa can gks xbZ gSaA dke ds fy, tks x, Fks os Hkkxdj xkao vk x, gSa vkSj Hkw[kksa ej jgs gSaA flQZ fcgkj ugha] fdlh Hkh jkT; ds fy, Hkw[k ls ekSr ds loky ls cM+k loky ugha gks ldrkA vka/kzk geyksx x, Fks ogka ds fdlku ej jgs gSa] ogka ds cqudj ej jgs gSaA fcgkj esa Hkh ;g gks jgk gSA bl O;Fkk ds f[kykQ yksxksa dks dSls laxfBr djsa vkSj eSnku esa mrkjsaA bl ij vyx&vyx jk; gks ldrh gSA ge eqacbZ esa ,d lsfeukj dj ldrs gSaA fcgkj dk xkSjo Hkh gSA fcgkj dk xkSjo ;g gS fd lkaçnkf;drk vkSj Qklhokn ds f[kykQ yM+kbZ esa ;g ,d fgjkoy ds :i esa fu[kjk gSA Mk- çoh.k rksxfM+;k ¼fo'o fganq ifj"kn ds usrk½ dks fdl rjg ;gka dh ljdkj us okil dj fn;kA ;gka dh ljteha ij mrjus gh ugha fn;kA ;g dsoy ljdkj dh miyfC/k ugha gSA ljdkj dh igy gks ldrh gSA bldh ge ljkguk dj ldrs gSaA ysfdu ;gka dh ljtehu esa Hkh og pht gSA ;gka ds yksxksa dh ekufldrk esa] tgfu;r esa og ckr gS] bldks ge fcgkj ds xkSjo ds :i esa ns[krs gSaA fcgkj dk jkLrk iwjs fganqLrku dk jkLrk gks ldrk gSA

gekjs ukSdj'kkgksa] gekjs çHkqoxZ ¼vfHktu½ us vkReleiZ.k dj fn;kA vkius cM+h&cM+h jk"Vªh; ikfVZ;ksa dks ns[kkA dkaxzsl us ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr cukbZ vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ us mls ykxw fd;kA blds f[kykQ yM+kbZ yM+us okyk tks oxZ gS] tks fofDVe ¼ihfM+r½ gS bldk] og yM+ jgk gSA dkjhxj dks mldh maxyh ds flok;] dkjhxjh ds flok; dksbZ jkLrk ugha gSA muds thou&ej.k dk loky gSA cgqr yksxksa ds fy, vkbZfM;ksykSftdy desaV ¼fopkj/kkjkRed fVIi.kh½ gks ldrh gS fd HkweaMyhdj.k [kjkc gS] lkaçnkf;drk [kjkc gSA ysfdu lekt esa ,sls oxZ gSa ftuds fy, ;g thou&ej.k dk loky gSA vkt dksbZ xka/kh ugha gSA vxj bl nkSj esa bruh cM+h dksbZ 'kf[l;r ugha gksrh gS] ,sls esa blh rjg NksVh&cM+h rkdrksa dks feytqy dj cSBuk gksrk gS vkSj jkLrk fudkyuk gksrk gSA xka/kh us ;wa gh VkbZ vkSj iSaV [kksydj] gSV gVk;k vkSj [kknh dh yaxksVh iguuh ugha 'kq: dj nhA xka/kh us ;g le> fy;k Fkk fd fczfV'k bLV bafM;k daiuh ds vkus ls rckg m|ksx /ka/kksa ds dkjhxj vkSj f'kfYi;ksa dks vkxs djus ls gh yM+kbZ rst gksxhA ;s tys gq, yksx gSa] bUgsa eq[; /kkjk esa ykus ls yM+kbZ rst gksxhA

geus lu 2000 esa iVuk ds d`".k eseksfj;y gky esa *eqYd txkvks lEesyu* fd;k FkkA fd'ku iVuk;d eq[; vfrfFk FksA ykyw çlkn ;kno ¼fcgkj ds eq[;ea=h½ Hkh vk, FksA FkksM+s ls yksx jktuhfrd ikfVZ;ksa ds Hkh FksA geus XykscykbZts'ku dks ysdj viuh fpark trkbZ FkhA iwjk lEesyu blh eqn~ns dks lefiZr FkkA

ge xkaoksa esa ilekank ¼fiNM+s½ yksxksa ds chp nfyr eqlyekuksa ds chp nwljs etgcksa ds xjhcksa ds chp x, gSaA ogka ;g ckr j[k jgs gSa fd rqe vkj{k.k dh ckr djrs gks ysfdu ,yihth ;kfu fycjykbts'ku çkbosVkbts'ku vkSj Xykscykbts'ku ds dkj.k ukSdfj;ka [kRe gks jgh gSA ljdkj ukSdfj;ksa dk futhdj.k gks jgk gSA futh {ks= esa dksbZ vkj{k.k ugha gSA bl rjg mudh tqcku mudh Hkk"kk esa bl vkanksyu] bl rgjhd dks voke ds chp ys tkus dh pqukSrh gSA gekjs vkSj vki tSls eqV~Bh Hkj yksxksa ls ;g ugha gksxkA tc rd tulSykc ugha meM+sxk rc rd ckr ugha cusxhA ftl rjg ls xka/kh us bl eqYd dks csnkj cuk;k Fkk] mlh rjg ls cukus ds fy, bl ckj bruk cM+k pkSiky j[kk x;k gSA lHkh rjg ds yksx] NksVh&cM+h lHkh rkdrsa cjkcj dh gSfl;r ls viuh ckr j[k ldrs gSaA dksbZ NksVk ugha] dksbZ cM+k ughaA eu feyus dh ckr gSA eu dk esy gks tk; rks geyksx] dbZ laxBu feydj ,d rjg ls lkspus yxsa] ,slk le; Hkh vk ldrk gSA cM+s iSekus ij T;knk ls T;knk yksx ,d rjg ls lkspus yxs ogh le; badykc dk gksrk gS] ifjorZu dk gksrk gSA bUgha ckrksa ds lkFk viuh ckr [kRe djrs gSa vkSj enu th dh ckr dk leFkZu djrs gSaA

enu th & fcgkj ifjorZu ekspkZ ds mn;dkar pkS/kjh viuh ckr j[ksaxsA

mn;dkar pkS/kjh & bl çfØ;k ls T;knk okfdQ ugha gwaA dy jkr gh vkea=.k feykA ysfdu ;gka ds lkfFk;ksa us tks ckrsa j[kha mlls ladsr feys gSa mlh vk/kkj ij viuh ckr j[k jgk gwaA HkweaMyhdj.k ls lcls T;knk dksbZ lekt çHkkfor gksxk rks og vR;ar fiNM+k lekt gSA 'kkjhfjd Je djus okyk lektA taxy esa] ikuh esa] dy dkj[kkuksa esa dke djus okyk lektA lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 'kS{kf.kd :i ls fiNM+k gS vkSj nck&dqpyk] lrk;k gqvk gSA fcgkj esa vR;ar fiNM+ksa dh vkcknh eksVs rkSj ij 35 çfr'kr gksxhA ;g vxj dke djuk NksM+ rks ns'k esa Hkq[kejh dh leL;k iSnk gks tk,A ysfdu bUgha yksxksa dh gkyr lcls n;uh; gSA uhfr ds vHkko esa vR;ar fiNM+ksa dk ijaijkxr is'kk e`rçk; gSA fons'kh daifu;ksa ds vkus ls bl lekt ds yksx cqjh rjg çHkkfor gks jgs gSaA ikuh dks gh nsf[k, ufn;ksa dks cgqjk"Vªh; daifu;ksa dks cspus dh ckr gks jgh gSA NÙkhlx<+ esa ,d unh csph xbZ gSA xaxk dks cspk tk,xk blls gekjk jkstxkj tqM+k gSA dy xaxkty dh ,d cksry 25 #i;s esa cspus dh ckr gks ldrh gSA xaxk ls gekjk thou tqM+k gS ugkuk] /kksuk] eosf'k;ksa dks ikyukA ;gh ugha xaxk ifjogu dk ek/;e gSA yksx ukSdk ysdj lCth] eDdk] ?kkl] pkjk b/kj&m/kj ys tkrs jgrs gSaA unh fcd tk,xh rks vkidks ,slk djus ugha fn;k tk,xkA ufn;ksa ds futhdj.k dk loky ,d cM+k loky gSA blh rjg cM+s m|ksxksa dks vkSus&ikSus Hkko fons'kh daifu;ksa dks cspus dh lkft'k Hkh gks jgh gSA blls rks ns'k ds lkeus cM+k [krjk iSnk gks tk,xkA bu eqn~nksa ij gesa lpsr gksus dh t:jr gSA

QjDdk esa cjkt cuus ls eNqvkjksa dk fdruk uqdlku gqvk bldh ppkZ Hkh eSa djuk pkgwaxkA cM+h&cM+h eNfy;ksa dk ekuk can gks x;kA eNfy;ksa ds jkstxkj ls tqM+s gtkjksa yksx Hkq[kejh vkSj csjkstxkjh ds f'kdkj gks x,A lkr&vkB eghus lw[kh j[kus ls eNfy;ksa ds cht ds mRiknu dh Hkkjh leL;k iSnk gks xbZ gSA caxky ls thjk ¼eNyh ds cht½ eaxkus iM+ jgs gSaA gekjk iSlk tk jgk gSA blfy, QjDdk esa LyqbZl xsV cukus dh ekax dj jgs gSaA blls ikuh vk,xk vkSj blls thjk mRiknu] eNyh mRiknu c<+sxkA e'khuksa ds vkus ls tky ls eNyh ekjus okys eNqvkjs csdkj gks jgs gSaA blh rjg feV~Vh dkVus okyk fcan lekt csdkj gks jgk gS D;ksafd cM+h&cM+h e'khus gSa tks ,d ehVj vkxs tk dj feV~Vh dkVrh gS vkSj bls iyV ldrh gSaA IykfLVd ds crZuksa us dqEgkjksa dks csjkstxkj dj fn;k gS D;ksafd feV~Vh dk crZu ysus okyk dksbZ ugha gSA bu eqn~nksa dks la?k"kZ vkSj vkanksyu dk eqn~nk cuk;k tk ldrk gSA ihfM+rksa çHkforksa dks txkus] le>kus dh t:jr gSA mudks laxfBr djuk gksxkA

enu th & fcgkj eqlgj lsok lfefr ds tokgj lnk viuh ckr j[ksaxsaA

tokgj lnk & 'kks"k.k] tqYe] vR;kpkj vkSj lkewfgd cykRdkj ds f'kdkj yksxksa ds ckjs esa MCyw-,l-,Q- viuh Hkwfedk Li"V djsA vxj ,d vkSj nqfu;k cukuk pkgrs gSa rks 'kksf"krksa dh Hkh ,d nqfu;k cukus dk vkxzg ;gka cSBs jguqekvksa] mRçsjdksa ls gS tks laLFkk pykrs gSaA

enu th & le; cgqr gks x;k gSA vjfoan flUgk th viuh ckr j[ksaxs ofdZax desVh vkSj vkxsZukbftax desVh ds fy, laxBu vius çfrfuf/k;ksa ds uke ns nsaA

vjfoan flUgk & ,-,l-,Q- dh çfØ;k esa ge 'kkfey ugha FksA eSa ekDlZoknh ysfuuoknh fopkj/kkjk esa fo'okl djrk gw¡ vkSj ge ekurs gSa fd lkezkT;oknh oS'ohdj.k dk fojks/k tedj gksuk pkfg,A vius Qksje ds ek/;e ls ge djrs jgs gSaA geyksxksa us ns[kk fd MCyw-,l-,Q- ds ek/;e ls Hkh bldk fojks/k ,d gn rd gks ldrk gSA vyx&vyx fopkj okys yksx tek gks jgs gSaA bl eap ls HkweaMyhdj.k ds vyx&vyx cqjs çHkkoksa dk ,d lkFk fojks/k fd;k tk; rks vPNk gSA viuh ikVhZ vkSj vius ekspsZ ls la?k"kZ pykus ds fy, gekjs nwljs ekspsZ gSa gh vkSj nwljk ekspkZ cukuk HkhA MCyw-,l-,Q- esa tkus ls gesa u, lg;ksxh feysaxsA jk"Vªh;&vUrZjk"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh gesa u, lg;ksxh fey ldrs gSaA vxj ge ;g le>rs gSa fd lektokn gh XykscykbZts'ku dk fodYi gS rks ;g ckr ge cgqr lkjs la?k"kZ'khy laxBuksa tekrksa ds chp j[k ldrs gSaA mlh rjg ^nqfu;k dSlh gksus pkfg,* ds ckjs esa nwljs fopkj j[kus okys Hkh viuh ckr j[ksaxsA ,d cM+k foe'kZ gksxkA glesa gesa NwV gS fd ge vius lektoknh fopkjksa vkSj fodYiksa dks j[ksaA nwljs lkFkh Hkh j[ksaxsA ;gh lksp dj geyksxksa us bl çfØ;k esa 'kkfey gksuk Lohdkj fd;k vkSj fey dj bls vk;ksftr dj jgs gSaA

fcgkj ds dqN lkFkh gSnjkckn x, Fks mudh f'kdk;r Fkh fd os ,d dk;ZØe nwljs dk;ZØe esa Hkkxrs jgsA mUgsa yxk fd mudk viuk dksbZ dk;ZØe ugha FkkA esjk lq>ko gS fd fcgkj ds fy, ,d dkaÝsal gky vyx ls fjtoZ djk,aA vyx&vyx eqn~nksa ij dke djus okyksa dks lkFk feykdj fcgkj ds fy, laxfBr ç;kl djsaA fcgkj ds ckjs esa vPNh ckrsa gks ldrh gSaA blds vykok vky bafM;k laxBu ds yksx gSaA os viuk vyx dke djus ds fy, Lora= gSaA LVsV dkSafly ds fy, viuk uke ns nsaA la;kstd eaMy ds ikl vius laxBu ds çfrfuf/k;ksa dk uke ns nsaZ laxBu ds yksx tks vkxsZukbZftax desVh ds fy, uke ns nsaA lHkh laxBu feydj fcgkj ds fy, ,d ,slk dk;ZØe cuk, tks ;gka dh lfEefyr rLohj çLrqr dj ldsA

lquhr dqekj & ;gka tks desVh cuh gS mlesa ;wFk LVqMsaV Qksje Hkh gksuk pkfg,A Nk=ksa&;qokvksa ds jkstxkj vkSj f'k{kk ij HkweaMyhdj.k dk D;k çHkko iM+ jgk gSA bl fo"k; ij iVuk esa vxys rhu eghus ds Hkhrj ,d dk;Z'kkyk gksuh pkfg,A ,d Bksl vo/kkj.kk vkSj j.kuhfr ds lkFkA

eqgEen tkfgn & eqacbZ tkus ls igys gekjs ikl rhu&pkj eghus dk bLrseky ge fcgkj] >kj[kaM ds gyokgk] eykgk] dksykgk] tqykgk dks laxfBr djus esa yxk ldrs gSa D;k\ esjk ekuuk gS fd bu pkj oxksZa dks laxfBr djus esa ge lQy gks x, rks fcgkj esa rwQku mB ldrk gSA la{ksi esa ge fdlku ls ysdj [ksr etnwj rd gyokgk eku ldrs gSaA blesa d`f"k uhfr dks 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA eykgk] unh cM+s cka/k tydj bR;kfnA dksykgk vkfnoklh & taxy] i;kZoj.k] tM+h&cwVh ;k tks Hkh mlls tqM+k gqvk gSA tqykgk&cqudj vkSj blds lkFk ds nLrdkjA gekjk lq>ko gS fd fcgkj dk tks Hkh vkxsZukbZts'ku ogka tk, og fcgkj dk cquk gqvk diM+k cSuj vkSj >aMk ds fy, bLrseky djsA esjk rks vkxzg gS fd vius reke laxBu viuk cSuj gSaMywe ds diM+s ls cuk,aA diM+k mudk fcgkj esa cuk gksuk pkfg,A bZekunkjh ds lkFk gyokgk] eykgk] tqykgk dks lfEefyr dj ysa rks fQj lkezkT;okn ds f[kykQ] iwathokn ds f[kykQ ,d ubZ nqfu;k dh dYiuk ge djrs gSa og gekjs lkeus gksxkA

jkedju flag & eSa [ksr etnwjksa dk loky mBkuk pkgrk gwaA esjh jk; esa [ksr etnwj laxBu usrk MhflYok ds lkFk lHkh laxBu vk, blfy, og czkthy dk jk"Vªifr cukA MCyw-,l-,Q- dh iwjh çfØ;k esa czkthy ds [ksr etnwj laxBu ¼,l-Vh-,Q-½ dh cgqr cM+h Hkwfedk gSA fcgkj ds [ksr etnwjksa dh tekr vyx tekr gSA bUgha dk iyk;u gks jgk gSA fcgkj ds <kbZ ls ikap yk[k etnwj fganqLrku ds nwljs fgLlksa esa tkdj dke djrs gSaA çoklh etnwj gSaA ck<+ vkSj d`f"k rFkk tehu ds loky fcgkj ds eq[; loky gSaA tc rd budk funku ugha gksxk fcgkj dk m)kj ugha gks ldrkA tc rd ck<+ gS rc rd iyk;u gSA gekjk ;wfu;u Hkkjrh; [ksr etnwj ;wfu;u ls lac) gSA {ks=h; Lrj ij lEesyu gksus pkfg,A bls iVuk rd lhfer ugha j[kuk pkfg,A fcgkj esa Hkh fMflYok iSnk ysxk vkSj ubZ nqfu;k laHko gks tk,xk fganqLrku esa HkhA

fot; dqekj & ikuh ds loky ij ,d ckr lkQ djuk pkgrk gwaA ck<+ vkus ij gj vkneh MSe dh ekax djus yxrk gSA MSe dh ekax Hkh djsaxs vkSj oS'ohdj.k dk fojks/k Hkh] nksuksa ckrsa laHko ugha gSA

enu th & txr th cksysaxsA

txr th & lkekftd 'kCn esa lerk ds ços'k dh ckr gSA lerk dgka&dgka gksuh pkfg,A gekjh le> ls ekuo dh N% fØ;kvksa esa lerk gksuh pkfg, & cksyuk] pkyuk] [kkuk&ihuk] mBuk vkSj cSBukA ;fn bu fØ;kvksa esa lpsr lerk dk vHkko gksrk gS rks lekt dk fuekZ.k ugha gks ikrk gSA ;g ,d lkekftd çfØ;k gSA lkekftd çfØ;k ls ubZ nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k djus dh ;kstukA Hkkjr dh Hkwfe ij tks cgqla[;d gS ftUgsa fganq lukru ds uke ls tkurs gSa bu lHkh fØ;kvksa esa vlekurk gSA ;fn ;s vlekurk,a vkids lkFk dk;e jgsaxh rks lkekftd {ks= esa ,drk ds lkFk dSls pysaxsA lerk ykuh gksxhA fcgkj dh /kjrh ls bldh 'kq:vkr djuh gksxhA fganw 'kkL=ksa ds lkFk ekuo dks ;gka fo[kafMr fd;k x;k gSA balku iSnk ugha gksrk] vkneh iSnk gh ugha gksrk] tkfr iSnk gksrhA bldh 'kq:vkr fcgkj dh /kjrh ls gks vkSj ;fn vki eqacbZ tkrs gSa rks bldks ysdj tk,a fd ge fcgkj ls tkfrokn dks [kRe djrs gSa vkSj tkfr ds O;ogkj vkSj vkpj.k dks ekuoh; O;ogkj esa cnyuk pkgrs gSaA ;fn vki ,slk djrs gSa rks vki fo'o ds iSekus ij lkezkT;oknh O;oLFkk ds rgr tks j.kuhfr py jgh gS mldks [kRe djsaxsA

enu th & cSBd dh lekfIr ge ,d vkSj nqfu;k laHko gS ij f'kon;ky th dh dfork lqusaxsA

f'kon;ky th & gj rjQ mB jgh gSa lwpukvksa dh fpfYy;ka

Copyleft. Any part of the content on this site can be used, reproduced, or distributed freely by anyone, anywhere and by any means. Acknowledgement is appreciated.

Designed and maintained by CAPITAL Creations, New Delhi. Phone 91-11-26194291