Ecological Democracy (Hindi) - Nepal-India Dialogue on Water

psrsUnz fgekyh & vc blesa tks 24 yk[k gSDVj Hkwfe nksuksa dSuy ls flapkbZ djus ds fy, mudk ^MhVsy izkstsDV fjiksZV gSA ftl izkstSDV ds vk/kkj ij dks'kh le>kSrk gqvk gSA nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp esa ysfdu vc oks mruk mRiknu ugha ys ik jgs gSaA ftruk y{; FkkA ftruk ^MhVsy fjiksZV* esa j[kk x;k gS 24 gSDVj Hkwfe dkA vc ml fjiksZV dks ns[krs gq, ge dg ldrs gSa fd flpkbZ gks jgh gSA ysfdu ugh gks jgk gS ;g nwljh ckr gSA

if'pe dSuy egsUnz uxj ls ys djds dksbyk th cjlkbZ gksrs gq, fueyh ys tkrs gq, vki fcgkj esa Mky fn;kA vc gekjs ;gka fdruk flpkbZ gksrh gS\ gekjk ftruk dVku x;k gS mruh t+ehu Hkh flpkbZ ;ksx ugha gSA rks blfy, vki iwjk miHkksx ugha dj ik jgs gSaA vkius tks MSe cuok;kA MhVsy fjiksZV cuok;k vkSj nksuksa&nksuksa ds chp esa VªhfV gqbZA mldks iwjk ;wfVykbts'ku dh dSisflfV ugha yk ikrs gSaA ;g gekjh leL;k ugha gS ;g vkidh leL;k gSA

ge ;g fjiksZV ds fglkc ls cksy jgs gSaA VªhfV ds fglkc ls cksy jgs gSaA vkSj vHkh mlesa miHkksx fdruk fd;k x;k gS vki crk,axsA ysfdu VªhfV vkSj mldk ^MhVsy fjiksZV* og bf.M;k dk 24 yk[k gSDVj vkSj gekjh 26 gtkj gSDVj gSA vkSj mlesa ls tks 18 gtkj Hkwfe ysMwcku gSA mldks Hkkjr ljdkj dks eqvkotk nsuk FkkA tks vkt rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA ftu yksxka dh t+ehu Mwch mldk rks ,d gtkj :i;k Hkkjrh; :i;s ds fglkc ls ml oDr Hkqxrku r; gqvk FkkA mldk vkt rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA 18 gtkj gSDVj Hkwfe dh vkSj eky xqtkjh ¼ykbQ VSDl½ gksrk gSA ,uoy mlwy gksrk FkkA turk ds gkFk ls og Hkkjr ljdkj dks [kkldj fcgkj ljdkj dks eky xksFk dk lkykuk jde gS og usiky dks gj lky nsuk FkkA og Hkh vkt rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA vkSj tks Mqcku iwjk ftEek gS mldk Hkh vkt rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA vkSj tks lkykuk eksyiksr Hkkjr us nsuk Fkk mldk jsV gS 7 :i;k 75 iSls ij fcxkA VªhVh es agS 7-75 ij fcxk vkSj ,d gSDVj esa vkrk gS ikSus nks fcxk ftldk jsV 7-75 r; Fkk ysfdu usiky esa turk dk vhkh jsv izfrfcxk 125 :i;k gqvk gSA ekyiksr c<+dj ysfdu ml tehu ds eky ij iksr Hkh vkt rd o`f) ugha gqbZ gSA vkt hkh ogh 7-75 gS blds ckotwn Hkh mldk Hkqxrku ugha fd;k x;k gSA

lkFk&lkFk iwohZ rVca/k rks mlh rDr rS;kj gqvk ysfdu if'peh rVca/k vkt rd ugha cuk gSA tcfd ogkWa grsiqj ls dapuiqj gksrs gq, guqeku uxj rd rVcU/k cukuk FkkA if'pe rVcU/k cukuk Fkk] ysfdu ugha cuok;k x;k gSA vkSj gekjh 70 ftys dk gSMDokVj FkkA og guqeku uxj esa Fkk tks vkt unh ds Hkhrj lek;k gqvk gSA

dVku gksrs gq, og rVcU/k u cukus ds dkj.k vo'; i=kpkj gksrk gSA usiky ljdkj i= fy[krh gSA vkSj fcgkj ljdkj i= dk tokc nsrh gSA ysfdu rVcU/k dHkh dHkh ugha curk gSA

if'pe rVcU/k u cuus ds dkj.k gj lky pkj lkS ikWap lkS fcxk ds fglkc ls dVku gksrk tk jgk gSA vkSj tks ft+yk gSMDokVj Fkk os Hkh ikuh ds Hkhrj pyk x;k gSA vHkh rks f'k¶V dj x;k gS jktfojkt esaA

dks'kh gkbZMSe ds chp eas vk;k gS izkjfEHkd losZ djus ds fy, gkbZMSe Hkh chp esa vk;k gS izkjfEHkd losZ djus ds fy, gkbZMSe dks fQDl djus ds fy, ,fxekS gks x;k gS nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp esa ysfdu vHkh rd og dke 'kq: ugha gqvk gS vkSj vxj og gkbZMSe cuok;saxs ¼vkSj igkfM+;ksa esa gksrk ;g½ fd lkjs fjoj csYV esa [ksrh ;ksX; tehu gksrh gS vkSj yksxksa ds thus dk lgkjk mlh unh fdukjs dh t+ehu ls gksrk gSA D;ksafd Åaph igkfM+;ksa esa rks dksbZ [ksrh&osrh ugha gksrh gSA iwjs fjoj csYV ds uhps [ksrh ;ksX; tehu gksrh gSA mlh ds lgkjs gekjs 40 yk[k tula[;k th jgh gSA vkSj vxj og gkbZMSe cuk;saxs rks mu 40 yk[k yksxksa dk thou cckZn gks tk;sxk ;k [kRe gks tk;sxk blfy, ge yksx dks'kh gkbZMSe ds fojks/k esa gSaA

v#.k unh ,slh iksft'ku es gS vkSj v#.k unh frCcrh; cksMZ ls vkrh gSA vkSj NksVk lk ,d igkM gSA ;fn og igkM+ VwV x;k rks czºeiq= dks'kh unh es vk tk;sxh vkSj og igkM+ feV~Vh dk igkM+ vkSj og bl fLFkfr esa gS fd fdlh Hkh oDr VwV ldrk gSA D;ksafd czºeiq= cgqr cM+h unh gSA vkSj v#.k dk csl gS uhps nf{k.k dh vksjA vkSj czºeiq= dk csl mRrj dh vksjA vkSj nksuksa unh tc ml igkM+ dks fgykrs gSA rks og fdlh Hkh rDr VwV ldrk gSA ;s [krjukd fLFkfr ogkWa ij ekStwn gS vkSj vxj ;g fLFkfr fdlh fnu vk x;h rks iwohZ fcgkj dks lkQ eku yhft,A vkSj lkjk fcgkj rFkk ogkWa dh turk lc caxky dh [kkM+h esa fey tk;saxsA lkjh fcgkj dh turkA

ekus dksbZ Hkh MSe curk gS rks mldh Hkh dksbZ vk;q gksxh lkS lky] pkj lkS lky] ;k ,d gtkj lky fdlh u fdlh fnu rks mldh vk;q lhek [kRe gksxh gh blfy, ,slk [krjukd dke u djsa tks nksuksa ns'kksa ds fgr esa ugha gSA nksuksa ns'kksa ds turk ds fgr esa ugha gSA

ge vki yksxksa ls ;g dguk pkgrs gS fd vki yksxksa dks Hkh blds fojks/k esa vkuk pkfg,A fd tks [krjk gkbZMSe ds ukrs curk og nksuksa ns'kksa ds fy, gS blfy, gekjk vki yksxkas ls ;g vkxzg gS fd vki yksxksa dks Hkh dks'kh gkbZMSe ds fojks/k esa nksuksa ns'kksa dh turk ,d lkFk gksA bldks cuus ls jksdsaA dks'kh MSe tks vkWyjsMh fge uxj ----------- gS mlds Fkzw ge yksx lQj dj jgs gSaA vki Hkh viuh ljdkj ij ncko Mkysa fd de ls de eqvkotk rks nsaA ftldk ?kj&ckj lc [kRe gks x;k gS ftlds ikl [kkus ihus ds fy, ugha gSA tks fHk[kfj;ksa dh rjg xyh&xyh ?kwe jgs gSaA vkSj lkFk&lkFk eku fyft, esjs fopkj ls ekyxqykjh dh jde Hkh 50 djksM+ ls Åij gks x;k gSA fcgkj ljdkj us tks ekyxqykjh dk iSlk nsuk Fkk og :i;s Hkh vkt rd ugha feyk gS usiky ljdkj dksA tks fd yxHkx 50 djksM+ ls Åij gks x;k gSA

lqjs'k ukSfV;ky & vkius mRrjkapy ----------- lhek ij gks jgk gS mlds ckjs esa Hkh dqN crkb,\

usikyh lkFkh & vkSj mlh rjg ls ge yksx lQj dj jgs gSa x.Mo esa HkhA x.Mo esa Hkh MSe cuk gqvk gSA vkSj Mqcku vkSj dVku gekjs lj ij gSA vkSj ftldks Qk;nk gS mlesa gS xksj[kiqj] nsofj;k] fetkiqj] vkSj vkidks eq/kokuh ekrh gkjh] vki tks flpkbZ dj jgs gSaA x.Mo ls ge mlesa nks dSuy rS;kj gSA ysfdu ,atDV iksUM cukuk gSA ogkWa Hkh ogh gkyr gSA og Hkh vHkh rd ugha cuk gSA

bl rjg ls okxefr dks bf.M;k dh rjQ ls tks ck<+ dUVªksy fu;a=.k ds rgr nksuksa rjQ unh dks NksVk dj f;k x;k gSA mlds ukrs gekjs tks ckjg ftyk ds 'kgjeqdke gS tks 'kgj cktkj og gj lky Mwcrk jgrk gSA ;s ogh gekjh ihM+k gS tks [kkMq unh esa yxk fn;k gS cksMZ esaA ck<+ fu;a=.k cka/kA mlesa ls rU;k vkSj fNUueLrk vkfn xkWao Mwc x;s gSaA ;s leL;k mles gSA

nwljh rjQ [kqjnyksVu ckWa/k vHkh gky gh esa 'kq: fd;k gS ;gkWa ij Hkh cksMZ esa fd;k x;k gSA vkSj blesa rks Hkxoku cq) dh tUeLFky Hkh Mqcus okyk gsA vkSj lkFk&lkFk y{e.kiqj ckWa/k cukdj /kjrh esa 90 xkWao Mqck fn;k gSa blh rjg egkdkyh esaA egkdkyh tks fd 1920 esa 'kkjnk cSjt cuk 70 lky ds fy, 4053-88 ,dM+ Hkwfe fczfV'k us 70 lky ds fy, ekWaxk x;k Fkk vkSj og Hkwfe vkt rd ge yksxksa dks okil ugha gqbZ gSA cnys esa Hkh ugha gqvk gS fczfV'k dky esa nks ckjA

1927 vkSj 1929 esa nks ckj Hkwfe dks okil nsus dh ckr dghA ysfdu fn;k ugaA vkSj mlds ckn Vudiqj esa nwljk cka/k cukA ogkWa ij ge yksx lcls T;knk lQj dj jgs gSA ogkWa ij 222 gSDV;j Hkwfe Mqch gSA ,iysDl cksMZ ds Hkhrj tks xkWao vkrs gSa og yksx eqnzk dks Hkh unh ds fdukjs ugha ys tk ldrs gSaA bl ij Hkh usiky ds yksxksa ij izfrcU/k yxk fn;k x;k gSA vHkh egkdkyh unh viuh tehu dkV dj tkrh gSA

nwljh rjQ lhek cksMZ ds ikWap fiyjksa dks Hkkjr us vius vki m[kkM+ dj cuok;s gSaA bldks nks ckj bf.M;u us bf.M;u ,Ecslh ds }kjk fudkyk mlesa 36-67 gSDVj Hkwfe usiky dh gSA blfy, Hkkjr ljdkj ;g dgk Fkk fd usiky ------------- Hkwfe ilan djds ogkWa ij Hkwfe ns nsaxsA ;g lwpuk nks&rhu ckj fudkyh Hkh ysfdu fn;k vHkh rd ughaA

mlh rjg ;s ikuh dh leL;k Hkh cgqr cM+h gS vkSj VªhVh esa cksMZfjoj vkSj ikmMjh fjoj djds mYys[k dj fn;k x;k gSA ysfdu nks xkWao gekjs ml ij gSaA egkdkyh ds ml ikj ;g Hkh ,d iz'ufpUg gSA vkSj Åij tgkWa fjij dkyh unh tks ----------- ij ls tks fudy dj vkrh gS mlls 372 --- oxZ fd- ehVj Hkwfe bf.M;u vkehZ ,dksikbM djds cSBh gSA

,slh fLFkfr esa tc egkdkyh VªhVh gqbZ gSA blfy, ge yksxksa dk ;g dguk gS fd igys rks lhek fu/kkZfjr djsaA unh dk fdldk curk gS] mldks r; djsaA mlds ckn nksuksa ns'kksa ds fgr essa bldk VªhVh djsaA ;g gekjk dguk FkkA

egkdkyh unh esas tks lcls ÅWapk cka/k 1 gt+kj 15 fQV ÅWapk ckWa/k cukuk pkg jgs gSaA mlesa gekjh djhc&djhc 1 yk[k chl gt+kj tula[;k Mqcku esa tkrh gS mruk ?kj ifjokj rckg gksrk gS vkSj mlls Hkh T;knk ;k nksxquk mRrjk[k.M ds fiFkkSjkx<+ vkSj m/keflag uxj esa djhc&djhc 5 yk[k tula[;k izHkkfor gksrh gSA ;s gh leL;k lkeus gS vkSj mlesa egkdkyh VªhVh ls gekjk fojks/k blfy, Hkh gSA D;ksafd bf.M;k egkdkyh ikuh ij viuh vxz.kh; vf/kdkj le>rk gS vkSj vxj ge ns[ksa rks egkdkyh unh dh {kerk ,slh gS fd vR;Ur lw[ks ekSle es 5 gt+kj D;wlsV vkSj cjlkr esa ekSle esa 20 gt+kj D;wlsV ikuh cgrk gSA vkSj blesa MSe cukdj 12 eghus 20 gt+kj D;wlsV ikuh dks cgkuk pkgrs gSaA bl VªhVh ds vuqlkj vkSj mlesa ls ,Sojst fudkysa rks 12366 ikuh ,Sojst esa vkrk gSA bl VªhVh ds vuqlkj bl iwjs ikuh dks bf.M;k iz;ksx djsxkA vkSj ckdh dk tks 7633 D;wlsV ikuh cprk gSA mldk fQ¶Vh&fQ¶Vh djsxkA ,slk VªhVh essa gSA tks tek --- ikuh gksxk mldk vk/kk&vk/kk gksxk blfy, ge yksx bl VªhVh ds fojks/k esa gSaA bruk dg dj eSa vki yksxksa dk /kkS;Z iwoZd lquus ds fy, /kU;okn nsrk gwWaA

O;fDr ¼v/;{k½ & bl ckjs esa eq>s ;g dguk gS fd ;gka ij ge yksx ljdkjh i{k ds yksx ugha cSBs gSaA ;g ,d rjg ls ge ekurs gSa fd vki usky ds yksxksa dh rjQ ls gh ugha cksy jgs gSaA cfYd ;g tks iwjk {ks= gS Hkkjr] usiky] caXykns'k oxSjg&oxSjg vkSj bruk gh D;ksa\ ;s tks vHkh rjhds gSaA tgkWa dqN gksrk gSA vkSj vkius vHkh dgk Fkk x.Mo ds ckjs esa vkSj eSa Hkh x.Mo bykds dk gh gWawA ogkWa ftruh flpkbZ gqbZ gS mlls T;knk okVj ykfox dh leL;k gSA vkSj ftruk kuh dk ,sjhxs'ku ns jgs gSaA mlls T;knk okVj ykfiax gSaA dks'kh ds yksx feyrs oks crk,axs] tks dks'kh ,fj;k ls vkrs gSaA vkSj ge yksxksa ds ;gkWa tks ,DiiVZ gSa tSls fd fnus'k feJk dk bUgksaus vius blesa fd;k gSA mUgksaus dgk gS fd tks ogkWa cka/k cuk gS mlls dks'kh {ks= dks gkfu gh gqbZ gS Qkbnk ugha gqvk gSA

ge yksx bl rjg ls fopkj djsa fd tks vHkh izpfyr if'pe i)fr gSA eSa vius okxefr bykds ls vkrk gWawA vkSj ,d tekus eas geus ckWa/k dks :dok fn;k FkkA tc gekjh pyrh gqvk djrh Fkh rks] ge ogkWa ls gVs rks ogkWa cuuk 'kq: gqvkA rks tks izpfyr rjhds ls vyx ftlds ckjs esa vHkh fgekuh ppkZ djsaxsA v#.k th ppkZ djsaxs] D;k ml rjhds ls ge yksx lksp ldrs gSa\ vkSj og flQZ vkidh yM+kbZ ugha gksxh cfYd gekjh Hkh yM+kbZ gksxhA vkSj gekjh yM+kbZ flQZ gekjh yM+kbZ ugha gksxh og vkidh Hkh gksxhA rks mldks ml fn'kk ls] ml n`f"V ls ns[kus dhA

vkius ,d ckr cgqr vPNh dgh fd blls rks fcgkj Hkh [kRe gksus okyk gSA cka/k vxj VwVsxk rks fcgkj Hkh [kRe gksxkA vkSj vkius ;g Hkh crk;k fd tks laoksnu'khy bykds gSa mlds lkjs fcUnq ogkWa gSaA ftlesa fVgjh ds yksx Hkh viuh yM+kbZ yM+ jgs gSaA gekjk [;ky gS fd vxj ge yksx Hkh bl rjg ds MkbykWx pyk,axs rks ,d urhtk fudysxkA ,d ;wukbVsM+ ewoesaV fudysxkA ,d oSdfYid fodkl ds rjhds dk] ,d oSdfYid ty izcU/ku ds rjhds dk rks ml n`f"V ls ge fopkj djsaxsA fdldk ekyxqtkjh fdruk ckdh gS u Hkkjr ljdkj gekjh ckr ekuusokyh gS vkSj fcgkj ljdkj ekuus okyh gSA ysfdu gedks ;g fopkj djuk gSA ;g gekjk ,d fuoksnu gS vkils Hkh vkxs tks Hkh ckr djsaxsA vki xksiky gS ukA xksiky ls Hkh dguk gS fd ml n`f"Vdks.k ls ge yksx fopkj djsaA rks ,d vPNk urhtk ge yksx fudky ldrs gSa vkSj Hkfo"; esa ,d la;qDr ¼izkstsDV\½ Hkh pyk ldrs gSa og T;knk vPNk jgsxkA

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